Arkadaşlık becerilerini geliştirme programının özel gereksinimi olan ve olmayan okul öncesi çocuklarının sosyal etkileşimlerine etkisi
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Date
2006
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Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Abstract
In this study, the purpose is to determine the effect of the Programme on Development of Friendship Skills (PDFS) delivered to children who attend pre-school education institutions and demonstrate normal development, on increasing their mutual interactive behaviours with their peers who have limited social interaction skills and special needs.There were thirteen children with normal development and four children with special needs in the study. The four children with special needs who were the participants of the study served as ?target children? and the children with normal development who were trained to apply PDFS in the classes of the target children served as ?trained peers?. The classroom teachers were asked what kinds of skills were necessary to be learned by the target children in order to make friends and PDFS was prepared in accordance with their opinions. In the study, peer-initiated instruction which is one of peer-mediated instruction techniques was used for increasing the social interaction of target children with limited social interaction skills with their peers. The training process of the peers with normal development was carried out by the researcher in small groups, by use of direct training method.In the research, for testing the implementation reliability, effectiveness, generalization, maintenance and socio-metric evaluation data, multipleprobe across subjects design with probe conditions which is one of single-subject research models was used.Implementation reliability data was collected in 30% of all sessions for determining whether the trained peers implemented the friendship skills training reliably or not and it was seen that the trained peers implemented the friendship skills stages reliably in terms of implementation reliability findings.Effectiveness, generalization and maintenance data were obtained by registering the social interaction behaviours between the trained peers and target children in the ?Social Interaction Behaviours Check List? by event recording technique, in the free play activity and were evaluated by graphical analysis. As a result, a significant increase was detected in the social interaction behaviours of the two groups of children aimed at each other, after the implementation of PDFS by the trained peers. It was also observed that the social interaction behaviours between the peers maintained acquired skills above the initial level average in the 3rd and 4th weeks following the collection of final probe data. Concerning the generalization findings, it was observed that the target children could generalize what they learned to the other two peers at a rate similar to the social interaction behaviours they had with the trained peers.Socio-metric data were evaluated by ?Friendship Train Socio-metric Evaluation Instrument? and the order of preference of the target children as playmates by the trained peers increased significantly after the implementation condition.vi
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Eğitim ve Öğretim