Osmanlı, İngiltere ve Fransa ilişkileri bağlamında Kırım Savaşı
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Date
2009
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Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Abstract
rimean War (1853-1856) started as a result of the Russian's demands in order to acquire the right of protection of the Orthodox subject of the Ottoman Empire to and to this end he asserted his claims in Holy Places of Kudus. Since Russia could not obtained the rights and privileges, he pursued an offensive policy in order to solve the "Eastern Question" himself by destroying the Ottoman Empire which was called "Sick Man" by Russia. Against the Russian offensive policy, Ottoman Empire quested for diplomatical and political solution and requested from the countries which subscribed to the Straits Convention of 1841 in London, namely England, France, Austria and Prussia to take immediate action. France who was competing with Russia for the leadership of Christian world and was the biggest rivalry of Russia in Holy Places issue, displayed his support evidently by sending his fleet to the Straits. England who wished for Ottoman Empire's survival for the protection of his interest in the East, moved its Mediterrenean fleet and gave support to the French policy by taking similar action. Ottoman Empire exhibited more determined attitude against the Russian's demands by receiving the support of the two big powers of the Europe. Russia started a war to the Ottoman Empire since he could not gain the rights and priviledges by diplomatic means he turned to force of arms. England and France were at the side of the Ottoman Empire in this war. Later on "Sardunya" participated in this alliance. With the support and joint action of European States and Ottoman Empire imposed its power on Russia by the peace agreement signed at the end of war. Russia lost the war which was started by himself as recipe for the Eastern Question. Ottoman Empire kept clear of conflict and hostility for 20 years after the Crimean War by political and diplomatical acquisitions granted with peace agreement. Therefore, a favorable milieu appeared for the realization of the reforms and put in force the Edict of Islahat (Reform) which was proclaimed for the Christian subjects of the Empire before peace agreement. However, foreign debts which were raised for the war expenses and auditing established for supervising the expenditure, later on caused the failure of treasury. During the war years, techinical improvements such as telegraphs, railways and treatment of diseases came into the Ottoman country, in this way laid the foundation of modernism.
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Kırım Savaşı, Türk-İngiliz ilişkileri