Kâzim Karabekir'in siyasal hayatı

Abstract

Kâzım Karabekir was born in Istanbul in 1882. He was graduated from Kuleli Military High School in 1900, after that at the same year he entered Harbiye School. In 1902, he was graduated from Harbiye School then he was entered War Academy in 1903. He was graduated from War Academy as the first student in the class and his rank was staff captain. In 1906, he was appointed as a stajjer at Monastery. With in this period Karabekir also made contributions to organization of Union and Progress in Monastery. He break up his relations with Union and Progress Association because of association supporters showed up in the political platforms as a political party. Karabekir was taken an active role on to suppress 31 March Rebellition in 1909. He was a captive for 5-6 months in Bulgaria during the Balkan War in 1912. After that, he was participated to the First World War on Çanakkale, Irak and Kafkasya lines. Karabekir was invited to Istanbul after the signing of Mondros Armistice. After a short period in Tekirdağ as a military duty, he made appointment himself to go to Erzurum with the idea to start a National Independence War against enemy occupation. He came to Erzurum in May 3, 1919 as a Commander of 15th Army Corps. He gave a big contribution as a Commander of Erzurum East Line during Turkish Independence War. He was selected as a deputy from Edirne on April 1920 in the political party elections. This was the begining of his first period of political life. Karabekir came to Ankara after victory and he began to work legislative studies. This time he was selected as a deputy from Istanbul in 1923 in the political party election. He was put in a divergence with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in respect of decleration of republich, getting away of caliphate... etc. Because he thought that; social transformation must be occured in a slowly way and by persuation of people. Moreower; he thought that; enough importance and value wasn't given to him during new political platform. 372Kâzım Karabekir was selected as a general president of Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkası (Progressive Republic Party=PRP) in October 1924 which was established as a opposing party to [Cumhuriyet] Halk Fırkası (Republic People Party=RPP). PRP was a representation of the liberal and conservative enviroments, opposition of Pashas, the second group in the First Assembly, and some of the ittihat and Terakki supporters. PRP was closed by the government in June 1925. Kâzım Karabekir was judged by Independence Court as a claimed that; he has the knowledge about the criminal attempt to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in Izmir in 1926. But end of the judgement he was acquitted. In 1927 the second period of Turkish National Assembly was completed and by this situation Kazım Karabekir' s first period of active political life was finished. He had a loneliness period between 1927 and 1939. During this period he was occupied with to organize his remembrance and to defent himselves for the National Struggle arguments which was going on the press. He again entered in active politic life after Atatürk' s death. He was elected as a deputy from Istanbul to RPP, end of the 1938. This was the begining of his second period of active political life. During this period he was in a harmony with RPP. He observed the Second World War very closely and actively contributed group studies and Assembly works. Again he was selected as a deputy from Istanbul of RPP on 1943 and 1946 in the political party elections. The multi-political party system was started, in 1946, in Turkey. Demokrat Parti (Democratic Party= DP) entered to the Turkish political life, as an opposite of the RPP. Karabekir didn't consider with DP as a good alternative to RPP. Then, he was elected as a Chairmen of Turkish National Assembly in August 1946 from Republich Publich Party which was opposing to Democratic Party. Kâzım Karabekir was died on January 26, 1948 while he was the Chairmen of Turkish National Assembly. At that time he has three girls on life. 373