1970'lerde Türk demokrasisinde popülizm çeşitleri
No Thumbnail Available
Files
Date
2021
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Abstract
This thesis aims to anatomize the concept of populism and its varieties in Turkish democracy during the 1970s. The existing literature about the term contains heated debates since it is a highly ambiguous term. Some scholars suggest that populism should be regarded as a threat to democracy while others support the idea that the term can act as a sort of impetus for the development of a democratic regime. By considering the fact that the adoption of either of these two perspectives directly affects the results of a study dealing with populism, the term is dealt with objectively. In this regard, the speeches of two dominant and prominent political figures of the 1970s, namely Süleyman Demirel and Bülent Ecevit, delivered in the Parliament are analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively with the use of content analysis. The results of the quantitative analysis show that populist components of appeal to the people and Manichean worldview dominates the political discourses of both leaders. As for the results of the qualitative analysis, it becomes obvious that their understanding of populism carries differences. According to this, Demirel represents the right-wing populism while Ecevit stands for the left-wing populism. Generally speaking, the use of populism helped the development of democracy in Turkey, which was interrupted due to the 1971 military memorandum; nevertheless, considering the political world from two antagonistic camps and spreading the same idea in society led the country to face serious political, economic and social crises, and its democratic regime was suspended again with another military intervention in 1980.
Description
Keywords
Popülizm, Demokrasi, Süleyman Demirel