Türkiye'de bir 'yeni dini cemaat' örneği olarak 'Süleymancılık'

Abstract

The object of this study is to analyze the "Süleymancıhk" from the..ociologic;-.. perspectives, as a "new religious community", emerging in modern Turkey, and deline iı.« characteristics, reasons of formation, steps of evolution, social base, ideology, functions. This study is composed of three chapter. For this reason, in "Introduction" section, the subject, aim and limits of this thesis have been examined. At the same time, administering questionnaires, producing questionnaires and analyzing data are explained. This part also deals with the basic terms used in this study. Chapter one, "The Formation and Evolution of Süleymancıhk", gives information about historical and social background, genesis and evolution of this religious movement. On the other hand, it gives brief knowledge on the life of its founder Süleyman Hilmi Tunahan (1888-1959). Chapter two. called "Analyzing of "Süleymancıhk", in the View of Its Structure and Functions", explains structure, social bases, rituals, terminology of "Süleymancı" movement and.its religious views and world-views. This part also try to determine the functions of this movement in modern Turkish society. It may be concluded as below: 1. There are two important developments in religious sphere in modern Turkey. First, in the second part of the 1940's, CHP administration relaxed the state control over religious activities, and their perception of laicite. Second, from the early 1950's to the present day, centre-right governments, especially DP administration, allowed the use of religious symbols, idioms and practices. In this period, a number of the religious groups and communities have been emerged in Turkey. However they have some characteristics of sufi tradition, they emphasis on their social and culturel functions other than their religious- mystic ones to maintain of their existance, as the ban of activities of tariqats and the close down of their special spaces, tekke and zaviye (1925). Therefore they are named "yeni dini cemaatler" (new religious communities) in Turkish context. 2. According to this definition, "Süleymancıhk" is a new religious movement emerging in modern Turkey. 3. At the same time, "Süleymancıhk" is an phenomenon and social reality of Turkey. 4. However, after the death of leader of "Süleymancı" movement, in post-Tunahan period, "Süleymancıhk" is evoluated toward secularization.. r. 5. And Nakşibendî order is too strong and wide-spread in Turkey.