Civcivlerde enfeksiyöz bronşitis virusu M-41 suşu ve bordetella avium ile oluşturulan deneysel enfeksiyonda patomorfolojik bulguların incelenmesi
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Date
2010
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Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Abstract
Examination of Pathomorphological Findings in Experimental Infectious Bronchitis Virus M41 Strain and Bordetella avium in ChicksThe present study was aimed at the investigation of the clinical, macroscopical, microscopical and immunohistochemical findings of infectious bronchitis caused by the M-41 strain of IBV (infectious bronchitis virus) in 15-day-old normal chicks, and the comparative evaluation of the influence of B. avium on these findings. For this purpose, four different groups were established according to the infectious agent administered. Group 1 was given the IBV-M41 strain alone, while Group 2 was given the IBV-M41 strain and B. avium together, and Group 3 was administered B. avium alone by nasal route for the experimental infection of the chicks. The animals included in Group 4 were given physiological saline, and were maintained as controls.Clinical examination revealed marked sneezing, nasal discharge and wheezing between days 3-6 in Group 1, while similar findings continued until day 15 in Group 2 together with foamy eye exudation and light yellow coloured, dried nasal discharge in the nostrils.Macroscopic examination demonstrated slight hyperemia, oedema and serous exudate in the mucosae of the nose, larynx, trachea and bronchi between days 4-9 of the infection in Group 1. In addition to these findings, seromucous exudate and haemorrhage were determined in the mucosae between days 5-15 of the infection in Group 2.Microscopic examination revealed loss of cilia and hydropic degeneration in the epithelium of the trachea and larynx and hyperaemia and slight lymphoid cell infiltration in the propria mucosa in Group 2 on the 2nd day of the infection. Between days 3-6 of the infection, the cell infiltrations had become diffuse and were associated with microscopic haemorrhages. Starting from the 7th day of the infection, the mucosae started to heal and the diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration in the propria mucosa either disappeared or formed follicle-like groups. By the fifteenth day, the mucosa had almost gained its normal appearance. In Group 2, in addition to the findings determined in Group 1, mucous exudate, consisting mostly of heterophil leucocytes, and bacterial colonies were present in the lumens of the trachea and larynx. The mucosal epithelium of the trachea and larynx displayed either slight or quite marked hyperplasic alterations. The propria mucosa displayed the presence of heterophil leucocytes and diffuse lymphoid cells. Similar to Group 1, findings suggestive of healing were observed as from the thirteenth day. No finding was determined in Group 3 and the controls.In conclusion, findings were determined to be less severe in normal chicks infected primarily with IBV and to be more severe and long lasting in chicks infected secondarily with B. avium, thereby suggesting the severity of IBV infection to depend principally on secondary infection.Key words: Bordetella avium, chick, infectious bronchitis, pathology
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Civciv, enfeksiyöz bronşitis virusu