Cilt:68 Sayı:03 (2021)

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https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12575/75392

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Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in wild horses in Konya province of Turkey
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Ekici, Özlem Derinbay; Ceylan, Onur; Söznmez, Gonca; Dik, Bilal; Ceylan, Ceylan; Ceylan, Ceylan; Semmassel, Asma; Veteriner Fakültesi
The aim of this study was to investigate equine piroplasms of wild horses (Equus ferus caballus) in Konya province of Turkey in November-December 2017. For this aim, blood samples were collected from 36 wild horses and examined for equine piroplasms by microscopy and multiplex PCR. Some of the PCR products from positive samples were also sequenced. Five (13.89%) out of the 36 horses were infected with either Theileria equi, Babesia caballi or both in the microscopical examination. Single infections with T. equi and B. caballi were detected in three (8.33%) and one horses (2.78%), respectively. Prevalence of T. equi, B. caballi and mix infections was determined as 50%, 38.8% and 38.8% by multiplex PCR, respectively. Multiplex PCR was found more sensitive than microscopical examination to detect the piroplasms of horses. The results of sequence analysis showed 99.25-100% and 98.23-99.59% nucleotide sequence identity to the previously reported T. equi and B. caballi 18S rRNA gene sequences, respectively. Consequently, the existence of equine piroplasmosis in wild horses was reported for the first time in Turkey, and high molecular prevalences of T. equi and B. caballi were reported with this study.
Examination of the morphometric features and three-dimensional modelling of the skull in Van cats by using computed tomographic images
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Yılmaz, Osman; Demircioğlu, İsmail; Veteriner Fakültesi
This study was conducted to make the three-dimensional modelling of the skull in Van cats by using computed tomographic images and to determine the morphometric features between sexes. The skulls of 16 adult Van cats were used in the study. The skulls of the anesthetized animals were scanned by using a Computed Tomography (CT) device and their images were obtained. These images were converted to a three-dimensional structure using MIMICS 20.1 software and their morphometric measurements were calculated. It was determined in the study that total length of the skull (TLS), facial length (FCL), upper neurocranium length (UNCL), greatest length of the nasal (GLN), maximum zygomatic width (MZW), condylobasal length (CBL), basal length (BL), median palatal length (MPL), palatal length (PL), least palatal breadth (LPB), length of the cheek tooth row (LCR), greatest inner height of the orbit (GIHO), skull height (SH), and volumetric measurement values were statistically significantly higher in the male cats; whereas, breadth dorsal to the external auditory meatus (BEAM) and neurocranium length (NL) measurement values were statistically significantly higher in the female cats (P<0.05). In conclusion, the statistical differences between the sexes in terms of biometric values of skull of Van cats were determined. Present study would be beneficial to veterinary physicians in the surgical and clinical practice fields and to the studies in the field of zooarchaeology as well as being guiding for determining the typology of Van cats among the cat species and its differences from other species.
Non-taurine responsive dilated cardiomyopathy in 2 cats
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Sevim, Kadir; Çolakoğlu, Ekrem Çağatay; Veteriner Fakültesi
Feline dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare disease characterized by myocardial failure and systolic dysfunction. Taurine deficiency is the most important cause of DCM phenotype in cats. A 2 year-old Scottish fold and a 8 month-old domestic shorthair cat were referred to hospital with anorexia, weakness and increased respiratory effort. Based on electrocardiographic, radiographic and echocardiographic findings, the both cases were diagnosed with DCM. The cases were managed with pimobendan, furosemide, acetylsalicylic acid and taurine. The cats were more active and clinically healthy during 15 days follow-up. No remarkable changes were observed in follow up echocardiographies. The cases presented here reflect the clinical signs, cardiological examination findings, diagnosis and management of idiopathic DCMin 2 cats.
Detection of tibial fractures in cats and dogs with deep learning
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Baydan, Bekir; Ünver, Halit Murat; Veteriner Fakültesi
The aim of this study is to classify tibia (fracture/no fracture) on whole/partial body digital images of cats and dogs, and to localize the fracture on fracture tibia by using deep learning methods. This study provides to diagnose fracture on tibia more accurately, quickly and safe for clinicians. In this study, a total of 1488 dog and cat images that were obtained from universities and institutions were used. Three different studies were implemented to detect fracture tibia. In the first phase of the first study, tibia was classified automatically as fracture or no fracture with Mask R-CNN. In the second phase, the fracture location in the fracture tibia image that obtained from the first phase was localized with Mask R-CNN. In the second study, the fracture location was directly localized with Mask R-CNN. In the third study, fracture location in the fracture tibia that obtained from the first phase of first study was localized with SSD. The accuracy and F1 score values in first phase of first study were 74% and 85%, respectively and F1 score value in second phase of first study was 84.5%. The accuracy and F1 score of second study were 52.1% and 68.5%, respectively. The F1 score of third study was 46.2%. The results of the research showed that the first study was promising for detection of fractures in the tibia and the dissemination of the fracture diagnosis with the help of such smart systems would also be beneficial for animal welfare.
Novel ultrasonographic imaging technique in cat and dog intensive care patients: A-FAST3
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Şen, Yusuf; Başer, Medine İrem; Kurt, Büşra Kibar; Bumin, Ali; Veteriner Fakültesi
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) and Veterinary point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) are fast ultrasonographic diagnostic tools developed to discover pathologies in trauma patients in veterinary medicine and direct veterinarians to accurate treatment plans. Aside from detection, scoring and treatment protocol establishment in traumatic and non-traumatic hemoabdomen cases, AFAST (abdominal FAST) sonography is used effectively to define anaphylaxis, pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade and pleural effusion symptoms. This technique when implemented every 4 hours for 3 to 5 minutes assists in identification of patient prognosis and treatment protocols through focused imaging. With this review, we aimed to explain and deliver in detail indications for AFAST3 technique, know-how and clinical benefits for trauma patients.
Marine fish parasite, Lernanthropus kroyeri (Copepoda) is a repository of Vibrio anguillarum as evidenced by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification method
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Yavuzcan, Hijran; Otgucuoğlu, Özge; Veteriner Fakültesi
Fish parasites act as a vector of other pathogenic diseases such as bacteria and virus in fish. Although it has been long known that fish parasites can act as a vector for bacterial pathogens, their role in the transmission of specific bacterial pathogens via particular parasites in the off-host stage has been neglected. The aim of the present study was to disclose that if the copepod parasite, Lernanthropus kroyeri in the off-host stage, can store up the aquatic bacterial pathogens: Aeromonas hydrophila, Photobacterium damsela subsp. piscicida, Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum, V. harveyi, V. vulnificus, and V. alginolyticus. Our results using the Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method demonstrated that the bacteria, V. anguillarum is internally present in the off-host copepod parasites, L. kroyeri. It was also found that the parasite, L. kroyeri could survive in the off-host stage for a given time with its potential of vectoring ability in terms of transmission of the bacterium to the fish. This study demonstrates evidence that the copepod parasite in the off-host stage on the gills of sea bass is a reservoir of pathogen bacteria, Vibrio anguillarum.
A quantitative evaluation of color changes occurring in the muscle tissue during the stages of S10 silicone plastination technique
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) İnsal, Burcu; Hazıroğlu, Reşide Merih; Veteriner Fakültesi
There are many preservation techniques that are used to ensure that the changes (odor, color, and elasticity) in the characteristics of the animal or human bodies after death are minimized in the field of anatomy. One of the most modern anatomic specimen preparation methods is the plastination technique. Therefore, primary plastination stages were applied to the muscle tissue in this study. The aim of the current study is to present color changes in muscle tissue quantitatively by using a colorimeter device in every stage of the standard silicone plastination technique until the last product is obtained. Color analyses were performed on the muscle tissue after each stage of the plastination. Throughout the whole process, it was observed that the stage when the value of color change from green to red in the product was the closest to the fresh tissue was the 1st acetone bath. The value of color change from blue to yellow was closest to the fresh tissue at the gas curing and hardening stage. Furthermore, the closest values to the fresh tissue were recorded after the impregnation stage when the variations in plastinates were evaluated in terms of brightness. Color changes in plastinates, which have been described as close to the natural color up to today, were determined through statistical data in this study. Moreover, as a result of this dissertation, it was asserted that colorimeter can be effectively used in the field of anatomy due to the advantages it holds.
The investigation of fatty acids compositions of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) herbage harvested at different phenological stages
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Kara, Kanber; Veteriner Fakültesi
This study was aimed to determine fatty acid compositions of Jerusalem artichoke herbages (Helianthus tuberosus) at five different phenological stages. Jerusalem artichoke was harvested at early vegetative, vegetative, early flowering, full flowering, and early seed stages and its herbage samples were obtained. In the herbages, the saturated fatty acid (∑SFA), unsaturated fatty acid (∑UFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), medium chain fatty acids (∑MCFA), long chain fatty acids (∑LCFA) and very long chain fatty acids (∑VLCFA) were analyzed. The linoleic acid (C18:2n 6c) concentrations of herbages were changed from about 21 to 23% at different growing stages (P<0.05). The oleic acid (C18:2n 6t) concentrations of this forage increased with plant growing (20 to 34% in total fatty acids) (P<0.001). The ∑PUFA, w-3, w-6, ∑MCFA and ∑VLCFA concentrations of Jerusalem artichoke herbage were positively correlated with plant growing stage (from vegetation to after flowering) (P<0.05). The ∑MUFA, w-9 and ∑LCFA concentrations of this herbage were negatively correlated with plant growing stage of plant (P<0.05). As a result of the study, the ∑UFA, ∑MUFA and w-9 fatty acids compositions of Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at early flowering stage, were high than those of other plant growing stages. Besides, the Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at flowering stage, was rich from ∑PUFA, w-3 and ∑VLCFA fatty acids. Therefore, Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at early flowering and full flowering stages, has high functional properties for ruminants and other herbivorous.
Molecular identification of Paramphistomidae obtained from ruminants in Van province
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Padak, Yusuf; Karakuş, Ayşe; Veteriner Fakültesi
This study was aimed to identify Paramphistomum species from infected ruminants (sheep and cattle) by molecular methods between March 2018 and September 2018 at Van municipality slaughterhouse. In the research, the rDNA ITS-2 gene region of adult Paramphistomums was amplified by PCR method. Amplicons 399 bp long were viewed in agarose gel. As a result of bidirectional sequence analysis made from PCR amplicons, Paramphistomum leydeni and Calicophoron daubneyi species were identifyed. Amplicon sequences were compared by BLAST with reference sequences from Genbank. Phylogenetic tree was created with the Neighbor-Joining method by using the MEGA 7 program. Genotypes obtained from isolates were compared for exact or closest similarities. In conclusion, C. daubneyi, which was previously detected by morphological methods in Turkey, in this study, it was identified for the first time by using molecular methods. Also in this study, P. leydeni was reported for the first time in Turkey.
A case of vaginal hyperplasia occurred the last trimester of pregnancy in a Kangal bitch
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Şafak, Tarık; Yılmaz, Öznur; Ercan, Kerem; Yüksel, Burak Fatih; Öcal, Halis; Veteriner Fakültesi
Vaginal hyperplasia is characterized clinically as the protrusion of edematous hyperplastic mucosa tissue through the vulvar lips. Generally, it is formed during the proestrus and estrus periods in dogs. In this case report, 12 months old, pregnant Kangal breed dog with a mass in the vagina was presented with pre and postoperative findings. The bitch without any genital problems at pro/estrus stages was mated about two months ago. During the clinical examination, it was detected that bitch was in the second stage of labor and had type III vaginal hyperplasia. After the delivery of nine puppies without complication, the bitch was placed under general anesthesia and the hyperplasic tissue was removed surgically. Although no hyperplasia history at pro/estrus stages of the bitch, the fact that vaginal hyperplasia was observed in the last trimester of pregnancy is remarkable. Interestingly, this hyperplastic mass did not cause dystocia during all the puppies’ delivery in this case. In conclusion, in pregnant dogs, routine genital exams should be performed once at least until parturition to control vaginal structural integrity.
An evaluation of the efficiency of beekeeping enterprises in Hatay province with data envelopment analysis
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Kaya, Ufuk; Gürcan, Safa; Veteriner Fakültesi
This study was aimed to determine technical and economic efficiency in beekeeping enterprises and to reveal the factors effecting the efficiency scores. The material of the current study consisted of the data obtained from 46 enterprises in Hatay province. Efficiency scores for technical and economical properties were determined with data envelopment analysis. The truncated regression model was used to determine the factors effecting the efficiency scores. The efficiency scores for technical and economical properties were calculated as 0.97 and 0.94, respectively. The results showed that ‘experience’, ‘race of bee’, ‘education level’ and ‘number of colony’ variables were found to be statistically significant factors on efficiency of technical properties. No significant factors were found on efficiency of economic properties. In conclusion, it was revealed what conditions should be had in terms of technical and economical properties to be performed an efficient beekeeping activity in Hatay province.
The effects of dietary supplementation of olive leaf extract and eggshell with membrane on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical, and bone parameters in laying Japanese quail
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Mutlu, Seda İflazoğlu; Baykalır, Yasin; Azman, Mehmet Ali; Şimşek, Ülkü Gülcihan; Özçelik, Mehtap; Veteriner Fakültesi
This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of olive leaf extract (OLE), eggshell with the membrane (ESM), and the ESM that absorbed the OLE (OLE+ESM) on the performance, egg quality, biochemical, and bone parameters in laying Japanese quail. A total of 112 quail, being 45-day-old, were divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates. The quail were fed with four diets: i) basal diet ii) basal diet supplemented with 400 ppm OLE iii) basal diet supplemented with 2% ESM, and iv) basal diet supplemented with 2% ESM that absorbed with 400 ppm OLE. Egg weight was observed to be higher in the OLE group (P<0.05). Total feed intake increased in ESM and OLE+ESM groups (P<0.05). Egg production and feed conversion ratio were found to be better in control and OLE+ESM groups (P<0.01). Shape index was higher in OLE, ESM and OLE+ESM groups (P<0.05). Percentages of albumen and shell were significantly lower in ESM group (P<0.01). Percentage of yolk, shell thickness, shell ash, and yolk color were not affected by the supplementation of ESM and OLE groups (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in tibia bone parameters (P>0.05). The lowest concentration of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was observed in control group (P<0.01). Serum uric acid level decreased in ESM group (P<0.01). OLE supplementation had limited impacts on quail nutrition. Consequently, while the individual usage of OLE and ESM did not show remarkable effects, the mixture of OLE and ESM has been found to positively affect the egg quality and performance parameters.
Pathomorphological findings of Mortellaro disease in dairy cattle
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Tunç, Arda Selin; Çağatay, Soner; Sağlam, Mehmet; Kutsal, Osman; Veteriner Fakültesi
Mortellaro disease is an infection caused by mostly spirochete bacteria in dairy cows, sheep, and goats. The aim of the present study was to define to Mortellaro disease pathomorphologically and immunohistochemically and investigate whether cell-cell adhesion connections are lost in cell proliferation. Tissue samples were collected from underfoots of Holstein (n: 6) and Swiss Brown (n: 15) dairy cattle. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Warthin-Starry (WS) for isolation of spirochetes histopathologically and with β-catenin and PCNA primary antibodies immunohistochemically. Histopathologically, number of the cells in the stratum spinosum layer increased excessively, and it gave finger-like extensions to the dermis. Black stained spirochetes were detected among enlarged keratinocytes and inflammatory cells in WS staining. β-catenin was strongly positive in the cell membranes of epithelial cells in all slides. PCNA also gave positive reaction moderately (n: 18) and strongly (n: 3) in nuclei of epithelial cells. It was observed that β-catenin cell-cell adhesion connections did not impair in the disease, so this is thought to positively affect the prognosis of the disease. The high expression of PCNA showed that the mitotic activity was high and explained the formation of wart-like. As a result, while the disease does not have a poor prognosis, the disease has a negative economic impact, and the economical results of this disease might be much greater than the treatment costs. It is still seen in our country and causes in loss of yield for the economy of country.
Anatomical and histological structure of ovary and salpinx in Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) (Linnaeus, 1758)
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Doğan, Gülseren Kırbaş; Kuru, Mushap; Bakır, Buket; Sarı, Ebru Karadağ; Veteriner Fakültesi
The Red fox is the largest of the true foxes and the most abundant wild member of the carnivora. This study aimed to determine the anatomical and histological structure of the ovary and salpinx of the Red foxes. The ovary and salpinx of four Red foxes of similar ages, which could not be rescued by the Center despite all interventions, were dissected. Measurements were taken from the right-left ovary and salpinx using digital callipers. The weights of each ovary and salpinx were measured using a precision scale (min: 0.0001 g, max: 220 g). The mean length of the ovary was 13.43 ± 2.38 mm, the width was 6.28 ± 1.99 mm, the thickness was 4.89 ± 0.18 mm, and weight was 0.93 ± 0.14 g. The mean length of the salpinx was 76.22 ± 3.02 mm, the width was 1.98 ± 0.07 mm, and the weight was 0.53 ± 0.31 g. Crossman’s triple staining method was applied for histological examination of the ovary tissue. It was observed that the ovary was surrounded by germinative epithelium from the outside and consisted of the cortex with different follicles in the development stage, and the medulla layer with plenty of blood vessels and nerve plexuses inside. In conclusion, we believe that the findings of this study may be useful for further studies on foxes and surgical operations (ovariectomy, ovariohysterectomy). In addition, it is aimed to eliminate the insufficient information regarding the reproductive system of wild animals in this study.
The effect of dietary supplementation of natural antioxidants and coated calcium butyrate on carcass traits, serum biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation in meat and intestinal histomorphology in broilers
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Gümüş, Erinç; Küçükersan, Seher; Bayraktaroğlu, Alev Gürol; Sel, Tevhide; Veteriner Fakültesi
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E, grape seed extract and green tea extract with or without supplementation of coated calcium butyrate in broilers based on carcass traits, some biochemical parameters, intestinal histomorphology, and lipid peroxidation in meat. Two hundred fifty-two one-day-old broiler chicks were divided into nine groups, one control and eight experimental. Control group fed only a basal diet (control). The experimental groups' diets contained feed additives as; coated calcium butyrate (CCB), vitamin E (VitE), grape seed extract (GSE), green tea extract (GTE), a combination of vitamin E with coated calcium butyrate (VitE+CCB), grape seed extract with coated calcium butyrate (GSE+CCB), green tea extract with coated calcium butyrate (GTE+CCB), and a combination of grape seed extract, green tea extract, and coated calcium butyrate (GSE+GTE+CCB) respectively. According to the study results; no significant differences were observed in gut histomorphology and serum biochemical parameters. The broilers fed with GSE and GTE with/without CCB had significantly higher hot carcass yield than control, VitE, and VitE+CCB. Furthermore, all groups showed significantly lesser lipid peroxidation in meat than control; however, the VitE group had the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. It can be concluded that the combination of CCB with natural antioxidants could be used to improve carcass traits and meat antioxidant capacity in broilers.

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