Cilt:31 Sayı:02 (2022)
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Item First records for benthic macroinvertebrate fauna in Güzeldere Waterfall, Turkey(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) Arslan, Naime; Other; OtherIn this paper, the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of the Güzeldere Stream and Waterfall were investigated. Samples were collected in October 2020 at 3 stations. A total of 41 taxa including Gastropoda, Oligochaeta (9 species), Ephemeroptera (7 species), Odonata, Coleoptera, Chironomidae (15 species), Simuliidae, Blephariceridae (2 species), Plecoptera (3 species), and Trichoptera (1 species) were identified in the area. The dominant taxon was Chironomidae at all three stations followed by Oligochaeta and Ephemeroptera, respectively. The second station had the highest individual numbers (195) and the highest species diversity (32). All of the identified taxa were the first records for the study area because there have been no studies conducted for the determination of the Güzeldere Stream and Waterfall.Item Çubuk stream pollution and environmental effects(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) Atıcı, Tahir; Other; OtherThe water quality parameters of Çubuk Stream were examined in terms of physical and chemical aspects and the pollution level of Çubuk Stream was determined by comparing these parameters with the Surface Water Quality Regulation (SWQR). For this purpose; samples were taken from three different stations between August 2012 and April 2013, the water samples were compared with each other and with previous studies, the water quality of Çubuk Stream was determined according to the surface water quality regulation. In our study, the biological oxygen requirement of Çubuk Stream according to SWQR (BOD5: 22.5mg/l) IV. class, ammonium nitrogen element (NH4–N:2.34 mg/l) IV. class, nitrite nitrogen element (NO2–N: 0.035 mg/l) II. class, nitrate nitrogen element (NO3 –N:0.95 mg/l) Class I, according to phosphate value (PO4:0.075 mg/l) Class I and trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Mn) values Class I. water quality. According to the ratio of NH4-N/PO4 (2.34/0.075=31.2 mg/l), the element that limits eutrophication in Çubuk Stream is P. Compared to previous studies, after the wastewater treatment plants established in the region, higher quality water is provided, especially in terms of NO3 and PO4. It has been determined that the nitrogen and phosphorus ratios are high because the region, which is dense in terms of organic matter, is close to industrial establishments.Item COI gene analyses of the Daghestan pine vole (Microtus daghestanicus Shidlovsky, 1919) population from northeastern Turkey(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) Çetintürk, Derya; Biyoloji; Fen FakültesiDaghestan pine vole (Microtus daghestanicus Shidlovsky, 1919) is spread in Caucasia, Turkey and Northwestern Iran and distribution of this species is limited to Northeastern Anatolia in Turkey. Few molecular studies on M. daghestanicus have been performed so far, and it was analysed in this study with the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) region and compared with other Terricola species (Microtus subterraneus and Microtus majori) and other Microtus species found in its distribution area (Microtus arvalis and Microtus mystacinus). For this purpose, mean genetic distance values and fixation index values were calculated. Also, Bayesian Inference tree and Median-joining network were constructed. The acquired results showed that M. daghestanicus was clearly separated in the Pleistocene Period and was closer to M subterraneus than M. majori in the subgenus Terricola.Item The effect of melatonin on rat soleus muscle treated with carbon tetrachloride(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2021) Cebesoy, Suna; Biyoloji; Fen FakültesiAntioxidants are known to restrains various tissue damage caused by the administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). This study examined whether melatonin (MEL), a molecule known to have antioxidant properties, has a protective effect on the rat soleus muscle, where toxic damage is caused by the application of CCl4. In the study, eighteen albino-type male Wistar rats were used and divided into three groups as Control Group (group 1), CCl4 group (group 2) and CCl4 + MEL group (group 3). End of the 12 weeks, blood samples were taken as intracardiac from the rats under ketamine/rompun anesthesia, and the soleus muscles of the rats were removed. Tissue samples were subjected to routine preparation procedures for light microscopy. Sections 5 µm thick taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) for histopathological examinations and Masson’s Trichrome stain for fibrosis formations. In conclusion, the CCl4 group displayed muscular hypertrophy, fiber orientation dysfunction and atrophy in some areas. In addition, fibrosis was spotted around the venous and nerve plexuses. In contrast to the CCl4 group, the melatonin group displayed no fibrosis and maintained tissue integrity. Therefore, when comparing CCl4+MEL and CCl4 groups, it was observed that melatonin had a stabilizing or even curative effect on the injuries.Item Histochemical effects of brodifacoum on rat spleen(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) Öner, Burcu Bayramlı; Biyoloji; Fen FakültesiIn this study, the histochemical effects of Brodifacoum, an anticoagulant used against rodents, on the spleen are examined under a light microscope using CD4 and CD8 histochemical staining methods. A single dose of 0.2 mg Brodifacoum was dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) and was given orally to mature male rats. Spleen samples were collected under ether anesthesia after 24 h, 72 h, 14 days, and 30 days from the rats in the experimental groups and after 14 days from the rats in the control group. In this light microscope study, it was observed that the capsule, white pulp, and red pulp zones in the rat spleen were constructed normally and as their natural structures primary and secondary follicles (germinal center) they were few, and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were spherically structured. In the 24 h spleens of the rats, the diameters of germinal centers were expanded and deterioration of the structure of CD4 and CD8 cells was observed. Related to the increase in time (72 h and 14 days) it was determined that primary follicles increased in number and the diameters of germinal centers expanded. In addition to this, after30 days, the rate of CD4:CD8 of the brodifacoum applied rat spleens were approximately the rate of the control group, and the improvement of the structures of the cells was reported as an effect of regeneration. As a result of this study, it was found that Brodifacoum caused immunohistochemical abnormalities in the rat spleen, affected the morphological structure of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes and created an immune response in rats. It is thought that the obtained results will be a source for the studies on Brodifacoum.Item Rediscovery of an ancient herbarium for Turkish botanical history: Bolu Girls Village Institute Herbarium(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) İkinci, Nursel; Other; OtherBolu Girls’ Village Institute Herbarium (Bolu Kız Köy Enstitüsü Herbaryumu) was founded in 1953 by Muhittin Fehmi Özgen. It is one of the earliest herbaria of the Turkish Republic. The herbarium was part of the natural history collections of the school which also included insects, minerals, and fossils. The herbarium initially contained around 2500 specimens within 72 cardboard boxes. Additionally, specimens from this herbarium were sent to İstanbul University Department of Biology Herbarium (ISTF) and around 600 specimens to the herbarium of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (E). In 2006, we received 567 plant specimens in five boxes. The plants were mainly collected from Bolu and neighboring provinces between 1953 and 1958. The herbarium collection contains one bryophyte specimen and three seedless vascular plants. The remaining taxa belong to gymnosperms and angiosperms. The herbarium labels were prepared both in Latin and Turkish. Majority of the specimens have identification up to family and genus level and a small number of them up to species level. This herbarium remained largely unknown to Turkish botanists. Therefore, we think it is valuable to provide detailed information about the history and the content of the herbarium. The information given here not only will contribute to our knowledge about the natural history collections of Turkey but also to the education history of the Turkish Republic.Item Peg-stabilized collagen-chitosan matrices: physicochemical and in vitro biological assessment of hydrogels(Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, 2022) Sezer, Serap; Kimya; Fen FakültesiIn this study, some of the physicochemical and in vitro biological properties of hydrogel matrices formed under different crosslinking conditions, consisting of the structural protein collagen and chitosan polysaccharide were investigated. The chemical compositions of the developed matrices were verified, their surface morphologies were examined by SEM and AFM, and their light transmittance status was determined. Next, the in vitro cytocompatibility of the hydrogels was demonstrated based on one week of interaction with mesenchymal stem cells. As a result, highly transparent and cytocompatible hydrogel matrices with mechanical stability in aqueous conditions were obtained.