Industrial and biotechnological applications of laccase enzyme
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Date
2015
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Abstract
Environmental pollution had emerged by the beginning of urban life and increased parallel to the industrial development. Rapidly increasing industrial activities, dumping of the wastes to the environment by the factories and releasing of the toxic chemicals have adverse impact on human health. Due to their ability to oxidise a wide range of substrates, which makes laccases very useful biocatalysts for their application to different industrial and biotechnological areas in recent years. Laccase enzyme is used in enhancing appearance color of the foods and drinks, in seperating lignin from paper and paper pulp and removing lignin from paper pulp, in textile industry as a colourant, bleaching of textile products, denim washing, various boiling processes, biological degradation and discoloration of textile waste waters, in different industries such as bioremediation and cosmetic industries and in biotechnology applications as biocatalyst. Laccase enzymes are obtained mainly from fungi and various types of organisms. In today's conditions laccase enzyme are not obtained cheaply and easily for use in the industrial field. Surplus amount of laccase enzyme production is required for the bioremoval of the contaminated zones especially in industrial areas. To find the most effective laccase-producing source, it is required to choose the most appropriate fungal type, to find out the regenerative and inexpensive isolation methods or to optimize the enzyme production conditions.
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Keywords
Biotechnological applications, Laccase, Laccase gene