Pious Foundations And Preservation Of Buildings During Christianity And Islam In Anatolia
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Date
2021-09-30
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Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Tarih ve Coğrafya Fakültesi
Abstract
Pious foundations, established mainly for religious and social purposes, existed in almost every period in Anatolia. These foundations included churches and monasteries during the Byzantine period and were further developed under the Islamic waqf system, and involved buildings such as mosques, madrasahs or building complexes (külliye), in the Seljuk and Ottoman periods. Although the origins of the concept of Islamic waqf is a debated subject area, the pious foundations of Christianity and Islam, observed in the same geography, sometimes simultaneously and sometimes in successive periods, have played significant roles in the preservation of buildings. The common features of the pious foundations in Anatolia during the Christian and Islamic periods are that they are private initiatives with their own internal organizational and financial structure. In addition, since serving God and his subjects forever is the main goal of these pious foundations, they consider it their duty to protect and ensure the survival of the buildings they owned. Therefore the preservation of these buildings was carried out through various regulations. Information on these regulations can be found in the official foundation documents of pious foundations, which are called typikon in the Byzantine period, and waqfiyya during the Seljuk and Ottoman periods. Mainly using the information in these foundation documents, this research aims to determine the roles of pious foundations seen in Christian and Islamic periods in Anatolia in the preservation of buildings.
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Waqf, Christianity, Islam