Yahudilik, Hristiyanlık ve İslamda Tanrı anlayışı
Özet
The most important phenomenon in Judaism, Christianity and Islam is God. Actually God is a common and essential concept in all the religions. The similarity of religions' God concept shows the interaction between religions. Judaism and Christianity have a more complicated understanding of God compared to Islam. One of the reasons for this is the divinity problem of the "Mediator" between God and people (meaning the "Holy Spirit" and "son of God") is reflected on Judaism and Christianity. Jews and Christians understood the Holy Spirit as "God's spirit". While Jewish adopt Israel community as the Son of God, Christians adopt Jesus Christ as "God's precious Son". But Islam reports the Holy Spirit as angel Gabriel, pointing out that it has nothing to do with deity and totally refuses the understanding "son of God." Therefore, Islam's concept of God is specific and more clear. Abraham is considered to be the turning point of "Monetheism" history and the ancestor of Monotheists (Jews, Christians and Muslims). After him, Israelites became the representatives of Monotheism. Prophets had constantly defended monotheism. The God they introduced had creative, merciful and human qualities. Mighty God made a contract with people for them to use their free will in accordance with the divine will. He reflected His Will initially in what we know as the "Old and New Testament, " (meaning the Bible) and later in Allah's word Quran. He revealed his "power" and "will" through the prophets and became the leading actor in the history scene. The Jehovah that sent Moses to Pharaoh and saved Israel is Allah that made Mohammed a success. In reality, the God that Jews, Christians arid Muslims believe in is one and only. But there is a difference in their understanding of Monotheism. These differences depend on cultural development of mankind, and Judaism and Christianity having been influenced by other religions. For example, plural God names like "Elohim" and excessive Anthropomorphism in the Old Testament, and understandings like "Trinitarianism" and God "becoming flesh" in God's son Jesus Christ in Christianity are the remains of this influenced period. In short, the understanding of God can be categorized as simply "Monotheism" in Judaism, 'Trinitarian Monotheism" in Christianity and "Radical Monotheism" or "Pure Monotheism" in Islam.