Türkiye ve iran kökenli bazı Aegilops türlerinin karyotip karakterizasyonu
Özet
Wild wheat species Aegilops sp. have a large adaptation ability regarding biotic and abiotic stress conditions (cold climate, drought, diseases, pests and salinity). Detemination of DNA contents per nucleus, chromosome number and morphology are very important for plant breeding. The objective of this study was to charaterize the genome of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid Aegilops, by cytogenitic and flow cytometry methods. The seeds of 10 different species collected from Iran and Turkey (5 different places in each country, totally 100 samples) were used. Root tips acquired from the seed samples by germination were prepared as squashed preparations for chromosome observations by using the orcein staining method. The number of chromosomes and nuclear DNA content of the species were determind as follows:1. Ae. biuncialis: 2n=28, nucleus DNA content =20. 23 pg, 2. Ae. columnaris:2n=28, nucleus DNA content =21. 75 pg, 3. Ae. crassa (4x):2n=28, nucleus DNA content =20. 44 pg, 4. Ae. cylindrica (6x) : 2n=28, nucleus DNA content = 32. 58 pg, 5. Ae. speltoides Taush: 2n=14, nucleus DNA content =10. 20 pg, 6. Ae. speltoides Var. aucheri: 2n=14, nucleus DNA content =10. 22 pg, 7. Ae. speltoides Var. ligustica: 2n=14, nucleus DNA content =11. 56 pg, 8. Ae. triaristata Var. vulgaris: 2n=28, nucleus DNA contents=21. 65 pg, 9. Ae. triuncialis: 2n=28, nucleus DNA content =19. 27 pg, 10. Ae. umbellulata: 2n=14, nucleus DNA content =10. 58 pg. In this study we reported that there is a significant diference between Aegilops speices in their chromosomes morphology and nucleus DNA content.