Kelam'da nefs fenomenolojisi
Özet
This study deals with the theory of the nafs in a cosmological, ontological, epistemological and moral framework; Thus, it aims to provide a holistic perspective to the idea of the nafs. Because, to examine the human subject is: cosmological in terms of determining its place in existence; ontological in terms of examining the structural nature; epistemological in revealing what mental processes are and how they arise; and moral in terms of the origin, nature and goal of their behavior and this makes it necessary to draw a framework in which all dimensions are included. This study seeks answers to the following questions in the context of nafs theory: a) "Where am I and what am I related to?", b) "What am I?", c) "What can I know and how?" and d) "What should I do?". In other words, it aims to analyze the human existence. In the history of Islamic thought, the presentation of the idea of the nafs by Islamic philosophers systematically made it necessary to focus heavily on this area in order to determine the nature and origins of the theory. For this reason, our study includes the evaluation of the idea of nafs, which is put forward in Islamic philosophy, in terms of Kalamic thought.