İran yenileşme hareketlerinde Osmanlı etki ve katkısı
Özet
Attempts at modernization in Iran have started in first years of 19th century. The movements towards modernization that started with relevant to the questions of ?Why we lose wars in spite of all our sacrifice?? and ?Why Europeans win?? put forward by Abbas Mirza right after the Iranian-Russian wars which ended with the defeat of Iran, lasted until the end of 19th century. Due to the main attempts of the state with the modernization were to strengthen the state itself and to resist against the foreign pressures, modernization efforts in Western style first emerged in the militarily structures. The process of employment of European military officers and the establishment of modern military schools, naturally made it necessary to improve diplomatic relationships with West, and in this sense, first, diplomats were sent to West and then students followed them. But the unexpected death of Abbas Mirza, slowed down this attemps to modernization, until Amir Kabir became Grand Vizier. Iranian modernization that gained acceleration with the Amir Kabir, became varied after Ottoman, Russian and European modernizations started to taken as models. The major dynamics of Amir Kabir's modernization program were reducing the European pressure and strengthening the central authority. But due to Amir Kabir's viziarate didn't take a long term; it became harder to reach genuine goals of the program. Long lasting reign Nasser al-Din Shah, was a volatile era in terms of modernizing developments. Although these modernization attempts that were led by the state hadn't been interrupted totally any time, in relation with the change of statesmen, speed of modernization changed from time to time. Iraninan modernization was influenced by the modernization attempts that have started a bit earlier in similar countries, such as Caucasia, India, Egypt and especially Ottoman state.