Bracon hebetor say (hymenoptera: braconidae) ile ephestia kuehniella zeller (lepidoptera:pyralidae) arasında bazı biyolojik ilişkiler üzerinde araştırmalar
Özet
In this study, some biological relations between Bracon hebetor, a gregarious ecto parasitoid of the lepidopteran pests, and its host Ephestia kuehniella, have been investigated. All experiments have been carried out in climate rooms where temperature of 27±1°C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5%, illumination time of 14:10 (L:D). The parasitoid-host density, rearing container sizes and additional adult nutrition have been investigated for the fecundity of B. hebetor. The parasitoid-host density experiments were conducted in two stages. In the first stage, one, two, four and eight pairs of parasitoids were released to 50 piece hosts in 250 ml container and the fecundty of B. hebetor was determined recpectively as 60.6, 56.1, 79.6 and 82.4. The statical result was shown that it is appropriate to released two pairs of parasitoids to 50 hosts larvae. In the second stage of parasitoid-host experiment, two pairs of parasitoids were released 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 piece host larvae in 250 ml container and the fecundity of B. hebetor occured was determind recpectively as 26.40, 35.60, 60.00, 75.20 and 60.50. The statical results have shown that it is appropriate to released two pairs of parasitoids to 30, 40 and 50 piece host larvae. Rearing container experiments were conducted with two pairs of parasitoids and 50 hosts larvae in nutrient and non-nutrient conditions in 250, 500, 750 ml containers. The result of regression analysis (R² values)indicated that the relationship between the size of rearing container and the number of individuals was very low in both nutrient and non-nutrient conditions. On the other hand, while adult nutrition (honey %10) did not affect the fecundity of B. hebetor in 250 and 500 ml containers, the fecundity was significantly increased (80.82%) with feeding in 750 ml container. This result can be explaned that in large containers, B. hebetor spent much more time and energy for searching hosts, resulting in low fecundity. The studies indicated that feding with additional nutrients of the parasitoid in large containers can prevent the lack of fecundity. As a result, releasing two pairs of parasitoits to 40 hosts in 750 ml container and feeding the parasites with 10% honey increase the fecundity of B. hebetor in mass rearing studies. However, these biological data should be confirmed with behavioral studies.