II. Meşrutiyet' e kadar ıslahhaneler ve Darülaceze
Özet
After the declaration of reforms, various improvements are done for westernization and to meet the needs of the army and the palace, factories are established. In 1848 the first effort to establish an industry school is done either to meet the technical staff needs of new factories or to compensate the gap that occurred after the trades men's guilds are halted. Despite the building of this school is constructed with a high cost, it couldn't start to educate. The first effort in this area is done during the "Danube" and "Niş" governorship of Mithat Pasha. Mithat Pasha founded these technical schools under the name of reformatory, first in 1860 in "Niş", then in "Rusçuk" and in 1864 in Sofia. Orphaned and indigent Muslim and Christian children are accepted to these schools. In 1865 an industry school -where only the orphaned girls are accepted- is founded in "Rusçuk" to meet the clothing needs of the army in Roumelia. In 1868 "Istanbul industry school" that is a better simple of the other schools followed this. Then, in same year in İzmir, Bursa, Kastamonu, Bosnia, Trabzon, İşkodra, in 1 869 in Erzurum, in 1870 in Diyarbakır, various art schools are started to found. There is a unit of girls in the ones in Kastamonu and İşkodra. We can see founding of some industry schools, in 1878 in Üsküdar, in 1879 in Aksaray and in the same year in Cağaloğlu. The foundation date of "Dar-ül aceze" reaches to the date of Ottoman- Russian war in 1877-78. This occurred after the foundation of reformatories. The immigration from the places that we lost after the Ottoman-Russian battle to Istanbul destroyed the social balance of the city. The streets were full of homeless, sick and handicapped people, orphaned children and beggars. It was decided to found the foundation of "Dar-ül Aceze" to serve to those people without considering their religion, race or creed as a remedy to all these problems. In 10th November of 1892 the foundation of Dar-ül Aceze is laid. Then in 31st January of 1896, at Abdulhamid II.'s birthday it came in to operation with a modest ceremony. 103