İslam kelamında tevlid nazariyesi
Özet
The matter of human actions in every period of islamic theology has been one of the most important problem. The essence of problem is a man to what extent is free or not on his actions. Theologians have considered human actions in two levels. The first is the actions which from human directly without any instrument, as for the others are the secondery ones which comes out by way of primary actions. In this theisis I analysed secondary actions which come out by.means of those primary ones. Our work has formed from an introduction, three parts and a conclusion. In introduction I considered the nature of the idea of generated effects, in the first part I investegated some subjects which the idea of generated effects based upon them, such as will, power, the relation between cause and effect and human actions. And in the second part, I examined the views of Mu'tazilies and Ahl-i Sunna on the generated effects. As for the third part I inquired to whom is responsible for actions in generated effects. According to Mu'tazilies generated effects generates from our actions. For that reason we are agents of generated actions and responsible for them. As for the Ahl-i Sunna theologians, according to them, human can't be agents of generated effects. Because they are God's actions. But man when turn to cause to get the effect becomes responsible for the arising effect. As a result, a man whatever being agent or not responsible for generated effects. Because, actions generate from the knowledge and will of man.