Kalkınma paradigmasına eleştirel bir bakış
Özet
Development paradigm come into question in the field of economics after the World War II and became an important goal for the underdeveloped countries. During the development endeavor of the underdeveloped countries USA was a side as a result of the will of keeping away these countries from the influence of the Soviet Union. Due to the US involvement in development debate, public administration apparatus of the underdeveloped countries has undergone a transformation.The importance paid to economic growth in the beginning of the period has changed and different themes have risen through development economics literature such as the capital formation and industrialisation in the underdeveloped countries. The strategies of development have been formed differently due to the conjonctural change in the policies and economies. During the 50s, 60s, and even 70s the underdeveloped countries have implemented import substitution strategy of development. But since the second half of the 1970s, through the neoliberal restructuring by the mediation of the globalisation and structural adjustment export oriented development put into practice. In 1990s different dimensions of the development have come into prominence. New concepts such as human development and sustainable development have been coined. However there are few countries which hit the goal of development since the World War II. Under the actual level of integration of the world economy the development become a zero-sum play, not a win-win play. It has been revealed that the alleged universality of the development paradigme is not valid. To reach a certain level of development universally within the capitalist world economic order doesn?t seem possible.