Kötülük problemi ve özgür irade savunması

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the Problem of Evil andPlantinga?s The Free Will Defense. This thesis has composed of twochapters:In the First Chapter, the problem of evil has been studied ingeneral. Here, the term ?evil? and different approaches about evil havebeen examined. The relation of evil with God and God?s atributes hasbeen investigated. Almost, concept of ?theodise? and Augustinian?Free Will? theodise, and Leibniz? ?The Best Possible Worlds?theodise, and Irenaeusian theodise and Process theodise have beenstudied. In this chapter, the logical problem of evil and the evidentialproblem of evil have been examined and evaluated. Mackie andMcCloskey and other atheist thinkers argued that there was a logicalinconsistency between omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly good Godand evil. Some atheist thinkers, like Rowe, argued that ?evil? can usedto there was no omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly good God. In thiscontext, atheist thinkers? arguments was examined and evaluated.In the Second Chapter, concepts of ?evil? and ?free will? havebeen explained and it has concentrated upon Plantinga? ?Free WillDefense?. For Plantinga, human beings have free will and free will issource of moral evil. Human beings can use sometimes their free willwrongly, therefore, evil is to come existence. In that reason, God is notblamed for evil. God forgives human beings free will. Free will is mostvaluable things for human. If man have no free will, then he is not ahuman, he is to be a ?machine?. In this context, God is not eliminatehis free will. Finally, counter arguments to theism have been studied,and Mackie and Rowe? fundamental approaches to theistic God andPlantinga? objections to Mackie and Rowe have been examined andevaluated.