Üniversitelerde öğretim elemanı yetiştirme konusunda karşılaşılan planlama sorunları
Özet
Higher education bears the attribute of being an orienting sector fordevelopment and alteration of any society. Development plans and variousarrangements had been conducted in order to meet the necessity ofinstructors required for realization of higher education objectives. All of sucharrangements had been and are being realized under the scope of 1416,2547, 3797 and 4307 numbered Laws. It is obligatory to determine thecontent and especially the successful and unsuccessful aspects of thestudies conducted with regard to the training of instructors for the highereducation institutions under the scope of the aforementioned laws. Thefundamental objective of this research study is to describe the planningconsiderations encountered with regard to the training of instructors at thefaculties in the Universities, as general and at the lecturers in private sectors.The research comprises of the instructors at the higher education institutionsin Turkey, the students send to foreign countries, and the students enrolled inthe domestic institutions for the purpose of graduate education for the periodof 1983-2003. The data required to conduct the study had been compiledfrom the following documentation: CSSP Higher Education Statistics, theRecords of the Ministry of National Education, General Directorate of HigherEducation and records of the HEC Higher Education Council.The findings achieved as a consequence of this study could besummarized as follows:In the final 20 - years period, the number of students haddemonstrated an increase of 4.5 times, while the number of the instructorsincreased approximately 2.6 times and the number of the members of theuniversities had increased 3 times. According to the academic assignmentgroups, the highest rate of increase in the mentioned period had beenexperienced in the field of members of the university with 305 %, while thisrate of increase for the research assistants had been recorded to be 246 %.Such increase rates demonstrate a fluctuating table according to the yearsand it was determined that the pool of research assistants was insufficientfrom a quantitative aspect.Although the number of students per average instructor in theFaculties contributing to the training of lecturers and instructors, especiallythe Educational and Educational Science Faculties, for the period of 1983 -2003 had demonstrated significant development and such figures had beendetermined as 225 students per lecturer in 1983, 97 in 1993 and 95 in 2003.In addition, a significant difference between the faculties of both developedand newly established universities had been determined. However,especially such faculties of the universities train the educational lecturers forall levels of the education system. This fact demonstrates the persistence ofa significant consideration for fulfillment of adequate educational staff andnecessary infrastructure.In the last 20-year period, the number of the Educational ScienceInstitutions had increased from 3 to 7, the number of Health Care SciencesInstitutions had increased from 16 to 39, the number of the Institutes ofNatural Sciences had increased from 24 to 66 and the number of SocialScience Institutions had increased from 22 to 69. Thus, the overall number ofthe institutions had increased from 79 to 209 and demonstrated aprogression. The increase observed at the overall number of studentsadmitted to the doctorate and graduate education levels had been 370% and808%, respectively. In the same period, the number of the students grantedwith graduate degrees had been approximately doubled and demonstrated a100% increase and the number of the students granted with doctoratedegrees had demonstrated an increase of 248.5%. It could be possible tomention that more than half of the number of the individuals granted withdoctorate degrees had been employed by the universities.The practices for training instructors for higher education in foreigncountries had been executed by the Ministry of National Education inaccordance with the provisions of the 1416, 3797 and 4307 numbered Lawsand by HEC in accordance with the provisions of the 2547-numbered law.The overall number of the individuals send to the foreign countries inaccordance with the aforementioned laws within the 20-year period hadbeen 7296 and USA has the leading position among the receiving countriesas followed by England, Germany and France. The disciplines for which thehighest number of students are send abroad is the natural sciences -engineering, as followed by social sciences and health care sciences.