Venturia canescens (grav.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) ile Ephestia kuehniella zell. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) arasında bazı biyolojik ilişkiler üzerine araştırmalar
Özet
In this study, some biological relations between Venturia canescens and 15 and 29 day larvae of Ephestia kuehniella were conducted at 2S±1°C temperature, 60-70 % relative humidity and 16L; 8 D photoperiod. In this research, adult longevity, development times from egg to adult, sex ratio, real fecundity, potential fecundity of V. canescens were found on two different larva stage of E kuehniella. Adult longevity of the parasitoid didn't change depending on different stages of Ephestia larvae. Development times of the parazitoid from egg to adult were changed depending on different stages of Ephestia larvae. The development time of the parasitoid from egg to adult was found shorter period on old larvae. All these experiments, we couldn't find any male. The realized fecundity of the parasitoid was found high on old stage of Ephestia larvae. However, the potential fecundity of the parasitoid was found on young stage of Ephestia larvae. When the life tables of parasitoid were compared with different stages of Ephestia larvae. The intrinsic rate of the natural increases was high when the parasitoid reared old stage of Ephestia larvae. For this reason, old stage larvae of Ephestia were much more eligible stage for mass rearing program of the parasitoid.IV The effect of Dufour's gland secretion were tested dependig on time. When the hosts were parasited, these hosts were not preferenced by the other parasites in a period because of the Dofour's gland secretion. However, depending on time, the effect of Dufour's gland seretion decreased gradually. Approximately 32 h. deposition, the effect of Dufour's gland seretion lost completely and these hosts were accepted for siiperparasitism. The behavior of parasitoid on parasitised and unparasitised hosts was tested. Parasitoids perceived the unparasitised hosts, and gave different reaction to these hosts. The effects of superparasitism on the rate of development, adult size, mortality of V. canescens were investigated. Parazitoid were reared from 15 and 29 day larvae of Ephestia kuehniella cotaining 1.2 ve 3 parasitoid eggs. We have established that superparasitism not only alters host suitability in terms of progeny fitness, but that the effect of superparasitism may vary markedly between host instar with cosiderably different growth potential. Key Words: Venturia canescens, Ephestia kuehniella, biology, life tables, Dufour's gland, foraging behavior, superparasitism