Distraksiyon osteogenez tekniği ile kazanılmış yeni kemik dokudaki mineraş yoğunluğunun dual enerji x-ray absorpsiyometri ile değerlendirilmesi
Özet
Distraction osteogenesis which becomes an increasingly preferred therapeutic optionfor the management of maxillofacial deformities is a method of providing new boneformation by gradually increasing the distance between bone segment surfaces. Theprocedure begins with application of distraction forces to detach bone segments apartand continues till achieving desirable or feasible movement. Tractional forces stimulatesnew bone formation parallel to the distractional vector. An important issue aboutdistraction osteogenesis is that it also provides differentiation of surrounding smoothand hard tissue which is called distraction histogenesis. Several factors have impacts onthe success of distraction osteogenesis. Availability of the distraction area for such anoperation, estimation of possible changes that will occur on the distractor and thenewly formed tissues during stresses of the distaction period, achieving the suitablevector to obtain maximum efficacy are some of these factors. Mineral structure of thebone tissue is a fundamental marker for both bone tissue resistance and resorbtion andapposition behaviours. It is an important issue to know how the participation of activehistogenesis during and after distraction osteogenesis affects the mineralisation in bonetissue. Assesment of the presence and the degree of the mineral density alterations inpre-intra and post distraction periods may be highly contributive for the success of theoperation and minimalisation of possible complications. Based on this hypothesis, thisstudy is designed to evaluate mineral density alterations in newly formed bone tissuefollowing distraction osteogenesis. Ten New Zealand rabbits are included in the study.After performing distraction osteogenesis in one side of the mandible, latent andpostconsodilation tissue mineral density level in the distraction area isphotodensitometrically evaluated with DEXA and standard radiography assistedtechniques. Nonoperated sides of the mandibles served as controls. Three consequtiveevaluations are made within three months period. Bone tissue mineral density is foundto be significantly low right after the distraction. Although an increase was observedafter consodilation, it was still under normal limits when compared with the nonoperated side. There was no significant difference between DEXA and standardradiography assisted photodensitometric evaluations. The results of the standardradiography assisted photodensitometric evaluations were concordant with the resultsof DEXA.