Victor Hugo ve Namık Kemal'de romantizm; Cromwell ve Celaleddin Harzemşah'ın karşılaştırmalı incelenmesi
Özet
Romanticism appeared as a literary school in France in XIX. century. Romanticism, first of all, is a lyric explanatory art. Romanticism emerged as an opposite to classicism in particular. Romanticism renews all genres and makes them independent. The preface of ?Cromwell? has been considered as romanticism?s declaration. In this preface, Victor Hugo, one of pioneers of romanticism, clarifies the theory of romanticism?s drama. The aforsaid work is both destructive and constructive. The main feature of drama is unification of sublime and grotesque with each other. The goal is mingling of genres. ?Cromwell? as a famous play, is a drama which consist of five poetic stages. Hugo who analysed one period of England?s history, in the preface of ?Cromwell? compares the identified elements and principles. Namık Kemal is an important sample of romanticism in Turkey. He interested on French literature for years of exile, and decided to write ? Celaleddin Harzemşah?. ?Celaleddin Harzemşah? which is a drama with fifteen stages, introduces the life of Celaleddin the last king of Harzem empire. What makes this work of Namık Kemal so important, is its preface. In that preface he criticizes classicism and promotes romanticism. By analyzing these writings, in regarding to different cultures, we got advantages of comparative literature. By means of comparative literature?s methods, influence among writers are confirmed. As a conclusion, Kemal influenced by Hugo. But such influence does not carry the same features of Hugo. Kemal was so successfull in making his writings original by capturing of Hugo?s methods.