Bazı elma ve armut çeşitlerinin gelişme ve olgunlaşmaları sırasındaki fiziksel ve kimyasal değişimleri

Abstract

In this research which was conducted in 1987-1988, have been aimed to decide of physical and chemical changes during fruit development and maturation in William, Ankara pear varieties and Golden Delicious, Starking apple varieties which are grown in Turkey. Physical changes in fruit dia meter, height and weight were observed as well as the chemical indicator, reducing sugar, total sugar, sucrose, total pectin, pH and titratable acidity. As a result of this research, fruit diameter, height and weight orderly increased in all varieties, until harvest time. Relative increases. of growth parameters is high at the beginning of development stage. ı This relative increases decreased approaching tOEthe harvest time. At the beginning of the development stage, in all of the varieties, reducing and total sugars have highly increased. Ât the maturation beginning, the velocity of increasing at reducing sugar was decreased but total sugar was increased. Sucrose has been determined approaching to middle of the development. Total pectin which increased continiously, was decreased before harvest time. There were differences in pH and titratable acidity between varı ati es. After harvest time, during ripening at the end of ten days in all of the varieties, reducing sugar, total sugar, sucrose were increased, total pectin, pH and titratable acidity were decreased. KEY WORDS : Apple, Pear, Growth, Development, Sugars, Carbohydrates, Pectin, Composition, Quality.