Kırgızistan'da toplumsal dönüşüm ve demokrasi sorunu
Özet
Democracy has become an ambition rather than a tool in a contemporary world. The main goal of democracy is to bring people in a system in which they are directly involved in a government and their freedom preserved. However, the implementations are far from this reality. But the democracy in Kyrgyzstan has become a paradigm for institutions (political parties, civil society and etc) and procedures instead of existing for people. This paradigm leads to certain mistakes and it seems that there is a shift from anti-democratic governments to democratic ones in the world. Undoubtedly, Kyrgyzstan is a country that concerns this allegation. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan has performed the liberalization and democratization of economic, political and social reforms. Within this framework, there have taken place the processes of transition from planned economy to free market economy, ratification of new constititution and emergence of multi party system and the civil society has been supported. Moreover, Akayev?s governement pursued modern identity policy. However, the critical evaluation of democratic developments in Kyrgyzstan shows that there is no establishment of democratic system that is under people?s hegemony. Significantly, the economic, political and social reforms made by post-Soviet Kyrgyz government do not represent modern liberal democratic principles. Morover it can be said that democratic institutions and procedures exist in Kyrgyzstan, these institutions do not perform systematically, even they become `governmet?s toy?. Consequently, the economic, political and social transition processes in Kyrgyzstan, instead of representing the onset of the democratization processes, represent the developments, which can be decribed as a low intensity democracy regime. However, democracy in actual meaning is equality, freedom and humanrights, and mechanisms that they come true in them, and their right to govern and eqaulity in government.