Teos’ta Seramik ve Mermer Üretimi ile Dağılımı
Özet
The recent archaeological excavations in Teos have revealed that the city had been continuously
settled from the Protogeometric Period to the Middle Ages. Situated on a prominent isthmus, Teos possessed
two major harbours, one to the north (Gerrhaiidai/Geresticus) and the other to the south (portus ante urbem),
of which the latter seems to be the most well preserved harbour ever recorded. The urban fabric of the city
appears to have developed between the acropolis and the southern port, consequently, having this unique
urban feature, the city gained an important position in overseas pottery and marble trade in the region. The
results of the archaeometric analyses (NAA) of kiln wasters collected from the site, have demonstrated that
the city was one of the most important pottery production centres apart from Chios in the northern Iona in
the 8th and the 6th centuries BC. Soil analysis has also indicated that the element pattern designated once as B
is essentially originated from Teos, (i.e. now, designated as new element pattern Teos B), and represented by
218 individual soil samples in Bonn soil database from numerous sites from Aegean, Anatolia, as well as from
Levant, Egypt and further west, Sicily. The distribution pattern as well as the variety of these pottery samples
explicitly indicate that Teos was one of the most important and prolific production centres of painted pottery
in the Eastern Aegean throughout the Late Geometric and Archaic periods.
On the other hand, it was epigraphically and archaeologically attested that the white marble as well
as Tean grey marble (bigio) and Lucullus Marble (marmor Luculleum; africano) were widely used as building
materials in civic buildings of the city. Particularly of these, Lucullus marble, was preferred in the construction
of numerous public and private buildings in the Roman Empire, especially in Rome in Italy, southern France,
Spain and Anatolia. These two chief material groups originated form Teos (marble and pottery) evaluated in
this article indicate the crucial role of Teos, particularly in trade and interregional relations in the region from
the Archaic to the Late Roman times.
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