Üzüm çekirdeği ekstresi ve florun biomimetik dentin remineralizasyonundaki etkileri
Abstract
In this study, remineralization properties of fluoride and grape seed extract are compared in biomimetic remineralization procedure of dentin on demineralized dentin samples. 112 dentin samples with a size of 1x 3 x7 mm are demineralized for 10 days in demineralization solution. Demineralization solution is replaced every day. After demineralization procedure a group of samples (28 samples) are selected for hardness, elasticity, Young's modulus (tensile modulus) and SEM analysis. Rest of the samples are randomly divided into three group of control (RM Control), fluoride application (RM Fluoride) and grape seed extract application group (RM GSE). All samples are kept, according to their group, either in grape seed extract solution or in fluoride solution for 10 minutes, only once. Control group samples are directly immersed into SBF, which is used as remineralization solution, without any treatment. All teeth samples are kept in separate 15 ml SBF solutions. Standard Portland cement discs which were kept at %100 relative humidity and 37 0C for one week, are placed in SBF solution as calcium and hydroxyl ion source. While SBF is replaced every 48 hours, Portland cement discs did not changed. All samples are prepared for microhardness, elasticity and Young's modulus measurements after a six weeks of biomimetic remineralization process. SEM and EDX measurements are carried out on 2 samples from each group. Results show that demineralization group have significantly lower (p <0.05) hardness, elasticity and Young's modulus values than all remineralization groups and SEM images Show that all dentinal tubules are widened and regularly demineralized. İn EDX measurements DM group has the lowest calcium and phospate values among all groups. Remineralized samples have statistically significant (p<0.05) higher microhardness, elasticity and Young's modulus values than the demineralized group. Among the remineralized samples, RM Fluoride group has statistically significant (p<0.05) higher values than RM Control group, RM GSE group has statistically significant (p<0.05) higher values than both RM Fluoride and RM Control group in all measurements. SEM results show that some of the widened dentinal tubules of RM Control group are not entirely closed. RM Fluoride group show that all the dentinal tubules are closed and granular structures are formed on the surface. RM GSE group show that all the dentinal tubules are closed and granular structures are formed on surface as in RM Fluoride group. However, granular structures observed in RM GSE group has broader band. Consequently, it is determined that grape seed extract is a more effective remineralization agent than fluoride. We believe that either pre-application of grape seed extract before restoration or addition of grape seed extract in restorative materials may result in reduced secondary dental caries risk but it needs further in vivo studies.