İzmir kekiği (Origanum onites L.) geliştirilmiş klon hatlarının Kula şartlarında agronomik ve kalite yönünden karşılaştırılması
Abstract
This study was carried out in the years of 1998, 1999 and 2000 in Dereköy (Manisa- Kula) in order to compare 10 improved lines (79, 1 14, 268, 372, 661, 650, 694, 732, 747, 789) of İzmir oregano {Origanum onites L.) from agronomic and quality aspects. In the spring of 1 998, establishment rate of cuttings was very low and they were not able to survive in the first trial. In fall of the same year, trial was reestablished. Establishment rate was very low, yield decreased in the fallowing period in 114 and 650 lines and consequently these two lines were discarded from the study, and the study was carried on with lines 79, 268, 372, 661, 694, 732 and 789. According to the results in 1999, a certain variation was observed between lines. Plant height and green herb yield were recorded as 22.9-32.5 cm and 520.0-766.7 kg/da. Drag herb rate, drag herb yield, drag leave rate and drag leave yield were determined as % 29.0-38.1, 158.6-293.9 kg/da, % 68.8-75.5 and 114.2-203.1 kg/da, respectively. Dry matter rate and dry matter yield could not be recorded due to unsufficient material. Essential oil rate varied between % 4.7-5.7. Karvakrol was determined as the main fraction and rimol was obtained in second order. Other important fractions were 1.8 sineol, y-terpinen, mirsen, borneol, a-pinen, limonen, kamfen, p-pinen, a-terpinen, linalil asetat, p-simen.According to the first cut in 2000, plant height and green herb yield were obtained as 33.6-44.7 cm and 560.0-2113.3 kg/da. Drag herb rate, drag herb yield, drag leave rate and drag leave yield were noted as % 32.5-49.2, % 269.9-803.3 kg/da, % 60.5-66.8 and 176.6-536.7 kg/da, respectively. Dry matter rate and dry matter yield were recorded as % 35.0^5.7 and 251.6-748.4 kg/da. Essential oil rate changed between % 5.6-6.9 according to lines. Composition of essential oil was close to previous year, p-simen was not found in lines 732, 372, 79, 747, 268 and 789 in 1999, but lines 732, 268 and 789 in 2000. The results of second cut in 2000 were recorded as follows. Plant height; 20.4-32.4 cm, green herb yield; 423.3-1603.3 kg/da, drag herb rate; % 36.7-48.9, drag herb yield; 204.5-629.3 kg/da, drag leave rate; % 62.5-75.8, drag leave yield; 129.0-439.0 kg/da, dry matter rate; % 36.7-45.3, dry matter yield; 155.8-694.5 kg/da. Essential oil rate varied between % 3.5-6.6 among lines. This study showed that Izmir oregano {Origanum onites L.) grown in Kula ecological conditions can be successfully cultivated from yield and quality aspects. Key Words: Origanum onites L., Izmir Oregano, Oregano, Turkey, agronomy, lines, yield, quality, quality characteristics, essential oil, essential oil components. IV