Tıp konulu rivayetlerin bilim yoluyla tenkidi: Yeni bir algoritma ve tıp literatürüne yansımaları
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Islam, in its essence, both requires and promises the health and cleanliness aspects of medicine. Due to this undeniable closeness and sometimes overlap of religion and medicine, even if they are subject to the same hadith method, narrations on medicine were considered differently, and often, with the influence of different medicine, science and hadith approaches, they were conceived as purely religious. Because of this background, the main problem in the scientific criticism of the narrations on medicine manifests itself in the presentment of a content that is considered as religious (medicine) to a secular structure (science). However, if some exceptions are excluded, there has been no objection in the theoretical plan in the presentment of medical narrations to science in the tradition. However, since this possibility has not been adequately conceptualized and is considered to be sporadic, in this study, the religious and secular aspects of medical narratives and science have been examined, and the conditions of presenting what is generally accepted as religious to what is generally accepted as secular has been investigated with an original algorithm. Method: In the theoretical part of the study, it was first tried to show how presentment is applied to science in tradition through a schematic algorithm. Afterwards, a new algorithm is designed that can be used to ground presentment to science. Accordingly, it has been proposed to analyze narrations on medicine and science separately, to reach the static and dynamic components of each, and to conduct the presentment process to science through this systematic. The religious view of the medical narration on one side of this algorithm, by examining the nature of hadith and medicine, is shown as revelation, fiqh, literal and principal bindingness, and is determined that it belongs to the unchangeable and changeable part of the religion. Science, which is on the other side of the algorithm, is also divided into unchangeable and changeable fields based on its definition, philosophy, evolution, structure and religious appearance. As a result, in this algorithm order it is argued that the constants of religion can only be presented to the constants of science, and the narrations of the changeable fields of religion can be presented to both fields of science. In the practical part of the study, the reflections of the presentment to science in the global medical literature are systematically determined and critically analyzed. Conclusions: In our study, it has been determined that it is theoretically possible to present science or its periodical equivalent in the tradition of medical narrations, but a standard understanding and approach methodology has not been developed. With the algorithm we have designed to contribute to the production in this field, it has been evaluated that medical narration and science are not in a monolithic structure, they consist of unchangeable and changeable parts, so that a more rational presentation paradigm can be constructed over this systematic. According to this, it has been shown that the religious bindingness of medical narrations can be at different levels, not in total, and that science can be religious with its aspects that show created verses rather than secular ones. As a result, if the conceptions of hadith and science are rearranged, it is grounded that hadith is not purely religious and science is not entirely secular, and that hadiths can be presented to parts of science that can be called religious or secular according to their bindingness. Thus, it has been evaluated that the presentment to science can be thought of as a presentment to the created verses, which is a second group of verses after the Qur'anic verses.